copy project to git

.gitignore

@@ -1,34 +1,6 @@
-# ---> C++
-# Prerequisites
-*.d
-
-# Compiled Object files
-*.slo
-*.lo
 *.o
-*.obj
+ma
-
+.vscode/
-# Precompiled Headers
+Tests/
-*.gch
+run.pl
-*.pch
-
-# Compiled Dynamic libraries
-*.so
-*.dylib
-*.dll
-
-# Fortran module files
-*.mod
-*.smod
-
-# Compiled Static libraries
-*.lai
-*.la
-*.a
-*.lib
-
-# Executables
-*.exe
-*.out
-*.app
 

Assembler.C

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#include <regex>
+#include "Assembler.h"
+
+// label<whitespace>instruction<whitespace>field0<whitespace>field1<whitespace>field2<whitespace>#comments
+#define LINE_REGEX R"~(^([[:alnum:]]{1,12})?\s+(.+?)(\s+(#.*))?$)~"
+#define BLANK_REGEX R"~(^\s*$)~"
+#define COMMENT_REGEX R"~(^#.*$)~"
+
+#define INST_REGEX R"~(^([[:alpha:]]+(?:\.[[:alpha:]]+)?)(\s+.*)?$)~"
+#define DIRECTIVE_REGEX R"~(^\.dfill\s+([[:alnum:]]{1,12}|-?\d+\.?\d*)$)~"
+
+Assembler::Assembler(std::vector<std::string> asmLines_) : 
+  asmLines(asmLines_)
+{
+    ih = new InstHandler(&labels);
+}
+
+void Assembler::parse() {
+    std::regex lineRegex(LINE_REGEX);
+    std::regex blankRegex(BLANK_REGEX);
+    std::regex commentRegex(COMMENT_REGEX);
+    std::regex directiveRegex(DIRECTIVE_REGEX);
+    std::smatch matches;
+    std::smatch dfMatches;
+    uint32_t icount = 0;
+
+    // initial pass: handle dfill directive, track labels, filter out bad formatting, parse instructions
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < asmLines.size(); i++) {
+        if (std::regex_match(asmLines[i], matches, lineRegex)) {
+            // handle .dfill directive
+            bool dfill = false;
+            std::string inst(matches.str(2));
+            if (std::regex_match(inst, dfMatches, directiveRegex)) {
+                // a .dfill directive means we will need to increment icount extra later, and might have to align to 8 bytes
+                dfill = true;
+                if (icount % 2 == 1) {
+                    // alignment placeholder
+                    instructions.push_back((inst_t){i, {"BLANK"}, icount, false, 0});
+                    icount++;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // record location of label, if we're creating one
+            if (matches.str(1).size() > 0 && !newLabel(matches.str(1), icount)) return error(i, "label already exists");
+
+            // parse and save
+            if (dfill) {
+                if (!parseDfill(dfMatches.str(1), icount, i)) return error(i, "dfill parse error");
+            } else {
+                if (!parseInst(inst, icount, i)) return error(i, "inst parse error");
+            }
+            
+            icount += (dfill ? 2 : 1);
+        } else if (!std::regex_match(asmLines[i], blankRegex) && !std::regex_match(asmLines[i], commentRegex)) {
+            return error(i, "invalid syntax");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // pass instructions to handler to fill out hex, and resolve dfill labels
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < instructions.size(); i++) {
+        if (instructions[i].tokens[0] == ".dfill" || instructions[i].tokens[0] == "BLANK") {
+            // don't do anything with a BLANK
+            if (instructions[i].usesLabel) {
+                // resolve dfill label
+                uint64_t labelLoc = ih->findLabel(instructions[i].tokens[1]);
+                if (labelLoc == (uint64_t)-1) return error(instructions[i].lineNumber, "invalid label");
+                labelLoc <<= 2;
+                instructions[i].hex = (uint32_t)labelLoc;
+                instructions[i+1].hex = (uint32_t)(labelLoc>>32);
+                i++;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // call handler on potential instruction to do individual format checks and assembling
+            if (!ih->handle(&instructions[i])) return error(instructions[i].lineNumber, "couldn't handle");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// interpret dfill directive and put appropriate lines of hex into output
+int Assembler::parseDfill(std::string arg, uint32_t icount, uint64_t ln) {
+    uint64_t dec = arg.find('.');
+    if (dec > 0 && dec < arg.size()-1) {
+        // is a floating point
+        try {
+            // union to make access to underlying bytes easier
+            Fp val = {std::stod(arg)};
+
+            instructions.push_back((inst_t){ln, {".dfill", arg}, icount, false, val.i[0]});
+            instructions.push_back((inst_t){ln, {".dfill", arg}, icount+1, false, val.i[1]});
+            return 1;
+        } catch (...) {
+            // if stod fails for whatever reason, probably the user's fault
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (std::regex_match(arg, std::regex("^-?\\d+$"))) {
+        // is an integer
+        try {
+            // have to use stoll to correctly interpret negative!
+            uint64_t val = std::stoll(arg);
+
+            instructions.push_back((inst_t){ln, {".dfill", arg}, icount, false, (uint32_t)val});
+            instructions.push_back((inst_t){ln, {".dfill", arg}, icount+1, false, (uint32_t)(val>>32)});
+            return 1;
+        } catch (...) {
+            // if stoll fails for whatever reason, probably the user's fault
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (std::regex_match(arg, std::regex("^[[:alnum:]]{1,12}$"))) {
+        // is a label. mark it to resolve later
+        instructions.push_back((inst_t){ln, {".dfill", arg}, icount, true, 0});
+        instructions.push_back((inst_t){ln, {".dfill", arg}, icount+1, true, 0});
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+// tokenize the instruction and make sure the format makes sense
+int Assembler::parseInst(std::string inst, uint32_t icount, uint64_t ln) {
+    //printf("%s\n", inst.c_str());
+
+    // tokenize
+    std::vector<std::string> tokens = tokenizeInst(inst);
+
+    // sanity check. never more than 4 tokens (1 instruction + 3 fields)
+    uint64_t numTokens = tokens.size();
+    if (numTokens > 4 || numTokens < 1) return 0;
+    inst_t i = (inst_t){ln, tokens, icount, false, 0};
+    instructions.push_back(i);
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// attempt to record a new label, or error if it exists already
+int Assembler::newLabel(std::string name, uint32_t icount) {
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < labels.size(); i++) {
+        if (labels[i].name == name) return 0;
+    }
+    labels.push_back((label_t){name, icount});
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// split instruction string into lowercase instruction and all existing fields
+std::vector<std::string> Assembler::tokenizeInst(std::string inst) {
+    std::vector<std::string> tks;
+    static std::regex emptyRegex("^\\s*$");
+    static std::regex instRegex(INST_REGEX);
+    static std::regex fieldRegex("^\\s+(-?[[:alnum:]]+)(\\s+.*)?$");
+    static std::smatch matches;
+
+    // if instruction isn't right format, stop
+    if (!std::regex_match(inst, matches, instRegex)) return tks;
+    tks.push_back(toLowerCase(matches.str(1)));
+    
+    inst = matches.str(2);
+    while (!std::regex_match(inst, emptyRegex)) {
+        std::regex_match(inst, matches, fieldRegex);
+        tks.push_back(matches.str(1));
+        inst = matches.str(2);
+    }
+    return tks;
+}
+
+// print a custom error and exit
+void Assembler::error(uint64_t ln, std::string msg) {
+    printf("Error on line %ld: \"%s\"\n%s\n", ln+1, asmLines[ln].c_str(), msg.c_str());
+    exit(0);
+}
+
+// utility to convert string to lower case
+std::string Assembler::toLowerCase(std::string str) {
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
+        if (str[i] >= 'A' && str[i] <= 'Z') str[i] += 32;
+    }
+    return str;
+}
+
+// output pure hex
+std::vector<uint32_t> Assembler::assemble() {
+    std::vector<uint32_t> hexCode;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < instructions.size(); i++) {
+        hexCode.push_back(instructions[i].hex);
+    }
+    return hexCode;
+}

Assembler.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <regex>
+#include "InstHandler.h"
+
+#ifndef ASSEMBLER_H
+#define ASSEMBLER_H
+
+
+
+class Assembler {
+    private:
+        InstHandler * ih;
+
+        std::vector<std::string> asmLines;
+        std::vector<label_t> labels;
+        std::vector<inst_t> instructions;
+
+        union Fp {
+            double d;
+            uint32_t i[2];
+        };
+
+        int parseDfill(std::string arg, uint32_t icount, uint64_t ln);
+        int parseInst(std::string inst, uint32_t icount, uint64_t ln);
+        int newLabel(std::string name, uint32_t icount);
+        std::vector<std::string> tokenizeInst(std::string inst);
+        std::string toLowerCase(std::string str);
+        void error(uint64_t ln, std::string msg);
+    public:
+        Assembler(std::vector<std::string>);
+        void parse();
+        std::vector<uint32_t> assemble();
+};
+
+#endif

InstHandler.C

@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+#include "InstHandler.h"
+
+#define HANDLER(f) [this](inst_t* inst){return f(inst);}
+
+#define REQ_TKS(n) if (inst->tokens.size() != n) return 0
+#define PARSE_REG(n, r) if (!parseRegister(inst->tokens[n], r)) return 0
+#define PARSE_FPREG(n, r) if (!parseFPRegister(inst->tokens[n], r)) return 0
+#define PARSE_IMM(n, i, d) if (!parseImmediate(inst->tokens[n], i, d)) return 0
+
+#define OPCODE(o) ((uint32_t)o << 26)
+#define RS(r) (r << 21)
+#define RT(r) (r << 16)
+#define RD(r) (r << 11)
+#define IMM16(i) (i & 0x0000FFFF)
+
+#define COMB_I(o) 0u | OPCODE(o) | RS(rs) | RT(rt) | IMM16(imm)
+#define COMB_R(o, f) 0u | OPCODE(o) | RS(rs) | RT(rt) | RD(rd) | ((uint32_t)f & 0x0000003F)
+
+
+// set up function map
+InstHandler::InstHandler(std::vector<label_t>* labels_) :
+  labels(labels_)
+{
+    funcMap["ld"] = HANDLER(handleLD);
+    funcMap["l.d"] = HANDLER(handleLfD);
+    funcMap["sd"] = HANDLER(handleSD);
+    funcMap["s.d"] = HANDLER(handleSfD);
+    funcMap["daddi"] = HANDLER(handleDADDI);
+    funcMap["daddiu"] = HANDLER(handleDADDIU);
+    funcMap["beq"] = HANDLER(handleBEQ);
+    funcMap["bne"] = HANDLER(handleBNE);
+    funcMap["dadd"] = HANDLER(handleDADD);
+    funcMap["dsub"] = HANDLER(handleDSUB);
+    funcMap["add.d"] = HANDLER(handleADDfD);
+    funcMap["sub.d"] = HANDLER(handleSUBfD);
+    funcMap["mul.d"] = HANDLER(handleMULfD);
+    funcMap["div.d"] = HANDLER(handleDIVfD);
+    funcMap["j"] = HANDLER(handleJ);
+    funcMap["halt"] = HANDLER(handleHALT);
+    funcMap["nop"] = HANDLER(handleNOP);
+    funcMap["dump"] = HANDLER(handleDUMP);
+}
+
+// call the appropriate function. this is where the instruction op is validated
+int InstHandler::handle(inst_t* inst) {
+    try {
+        return funcMap.at(inst->tokens[0])(inst);
+    } catch (...) {
+        // not found in map
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+int InstHandler::handleLD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+    
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(3, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(2, imm, false);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(55);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleLfD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+    
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_FPREG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(3, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(2, imm, false);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(53);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleSD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+    
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(3, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(2, imm, false);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(63);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleSfD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+    
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_FPREG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(3, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(2, imm, false);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(61);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleDADDI(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(2, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(3, imm, false);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(24);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleDADDIU(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(2, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(3, imm, false);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(25);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleBEQ(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(2, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    if (!parseImmediateBranch(inst->tokens[3], imm, inst->loc)) return 0;
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(4);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleBNE(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rt, rs;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rt);
+    PARSE_REG(2, rs);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    if (!parseImmediateBranch(inst->tokens[3], imm, inst->loc)) return 0;
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_I(5);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleDADD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rd, rs, rt;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rd);
+    PARSE_REG(2, rs);
+    PARSE_REG(3, rt);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_R(0, 44);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleDSUB(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rd, rs, rt;
+    PARSE_REG(1, rd);
+    PARSE_REG(2, rs);
+    PARSE_REG(3, rt);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_R(0, 46);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleADDfD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rd, rs, rt;
+    PARSE_FPREG(1, rd);
+    PARSE_FPREG(2, rs);
+    PARSE_FPREG(3, rt);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_R(0, 47);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleSUBfD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rd, rs, rt;
+    PARSE_FPREG(1, rd);
+    PARSE_FPREG(2, rs);
+    PARSE_FPREG(3, rt);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_R(0, 48);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleMULfD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rd, rs, rt;
+    PARSE_FPREG(1, rd);
+    PARSE_FPREG(2, rs);
+    PARSE_FPREG(3, rt);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_R(0, 49);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleDIVfD(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(4);
+
+    uint32_t rd, rs, rt;
+    PARSE_FPREG(1, rd);
+    PARSE_FPREG(2, rs);
+    PARSE_FPREG(3, rt);
+
+    inst->hex = COMB_R(0, 50);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleJ(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(2);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    if (!parseImmediateJump(inst->tokens[1], imm)) return 0;
+
+    inst->hex = 0u | OPCODE(2) | (imm & 0x03FFFFFF);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleHALT(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(1);
+
+    inst->hex = 0u | OPCODE(1);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleNOP(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(1);
+
+    inst->hex = 0u | OPCODE(3);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::handleDUMP(inst_t* inst) {
+    REQ_TKS(2);
+
+    uint32_t imm;
+    PARSE_IMM(1, imm, true);
+
+    inst->hex = 0u | OPCODE(44) | (imm & 0x03FFFFFF);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// verifies register arguments are written correctly and sets the reg var to the reg number
+int InstHandler::parseRegister(std::string arg, uint32_t& reg) {
+    static std::regex regRegex("^[rR](\\d{1,2})$");
+    if (!std::regex_match(arg, matches, regRegex)) return 0;
+    reg = std::stoul(matches.str(1));
+    if (reg > 31) return 0;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+int InstHandler::parseFPRegister(std::string arg, uint32_t& reg) {
+    static std::regex regRegex("^[fF](\\d{1,2})$");
+    if (!std::regex_match(arg, matches, regRegex)) return 0;
+    reg = std::stoul(matches.str(1));
+    if (reg > 31) return 0;
+    return 1;
+}
+
+// for most immediate functions; parses the immediate value or looks up the label value
+int InstHandler::parseImmediate(std::string arg, uint32_t& imm, bool isDump) {
+    static std::regex immRegex("^-?\\d+$");
+    static std::regex labelRegex("^[[:alnum:]]{1,12}$");
+    
+    if (std::regex_match(arg, immRegex)) {
+        try {
+            imm = std::stol(arg);
+            return 1;
+        } catch (...) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (!isDump && std::regex_match(arg, labelRegex)) {
+        imm = findLabel(arg);
+        if (imm == (uint32_t)-1) return 0;
+        imm <<= 2;
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+// jumps don't shift labels left at all, but also aren't pc-relative?
+int InstHandler::parseImmediateJump(std::string arg, uint32_t& imm) {
+    static std::regex immRegex("^-?\\d+$");
+    static std::regex labelRegex("^[[:alnum:]]{1,12}$");
+
+    if (std::regex_match(arg, immRegex)) {
+        try {
+            imm = std::stol(arg);
+            return 1;
+        } catch (...) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (std::regex_match(arg, labelRegex)) {
+        imm = findLabel(arg);
+        if (imm == (uint32_t)-1) return 0;
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+// branches to labels are pc-relative i guess
+int InstHandler::parseImmediateBranch(std::string arg, uint32_t& imm, uint32_t icount) {
+    static std::regex immRegex("^-?\\d+$");
+    static std::regex labelRegex("^[[:alnum:]]{1,12}$");
+
+    if (std::regex_match(arg, immRegex)) {
+        try {
+            imm = std::stol(arg);
+            return 1;
+        } catch (...) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    } else if (std::regex_match(arg, labelRegex)) {
+        imm = findLabel(arg);
+        if (imm == (uint32_t)-1) return 0;
+        imm -= icount + 1;
+        return 1;
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+// looks up label
+uint32_t InstHandler::findLabel(std::string l) {
+    for (uint64_t i = 0; i < labels->size(); i++) {
+        if (labels->at(i).name == l) return labels->at(i).loc;
+    }
+    return -1;
+}

InstHandler.h

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+#include <regex>
+
+#ifndef INSTHANDLER_H
+#define INSTHANDLER_H
+
+typedef struct {
+    uint64_t lineNumber;
+    std::vector<std::string> tokens;
+    uint32_t loc;
+    bool usesLabel;
+    uint32_t hex;
+    //xstd::string comment;
+} inst_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    std::string name;
+    uint32_t loc;
+} label_t;
+
+class InstHandler {
+    private:
+        typedef std::function<int(inst_t*)> lf_t;
+        std::smatch matches;
+        std::map<std::string, lf_t> funcMap;
+        std::vector<label_t>* labels;
+
+        int handleLD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleLfD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleSD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleSfD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleDADDI(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleDADDIU(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleBEQ(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleBNE(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleDADD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleDSUB(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleADDfD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleSUBfD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleMULfD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleDIVfD(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleJ(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleHALT(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleNOP(inst_t* inst);
+        int handleDUMP(inst_t* inst);
+
+        int parseRegister(std::string arg, uint32_t& reg);
+        int parseFPRegister(std::string arg, uint32_t& reg);
+        int parseImmediate(std::string arg, uint32_t& imm, bool isDump);
+        int parseImmediateJump(std::string arg, uint32_t& imm);
+        int parseImmediateBranch(std::string arg, uint32_t& imm, uint32_t icount);
+    public:
+        InstHandler(std::vector<label_t>* labels_);
+        int handle(inst_t* inst);
+        uint32_t findLabel(std::string l);
+};
+
+#endif

README.md

@@ -1,2 +1,12 @@
-# mips64-assembler
+# CS5483 Computer Architecture Project 1: MIPS Assembler
+## Ryan Densmore
 
+## Compiling and Running
+1. To compile my assembler, simply run the Makefile via `make`. 
+2. Run the assembler with `./ma <file.asm>`.
+
+## Tests
+While the provided `run.pl` seems a little janky to use, I currently pass 29/29 tests. Running the `run.pl` program currently in my directory will run every test, and clean up the files for the tests that pass.
+
+## Todos
+Had I more time, I would actually try to implement outputting comments. There appears to be some sort of memory issue that only occurs when I try to store another string (containing the comment) alongside every instruction. There are a few other ways I could do it, but attaching the comment to its relevant instruction in the data structure makes the most sense.

ma.C

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/* CS5483 Project 1: MIPS64 Assembler
+ * Ryan Densmore
+*/
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "Assembler.h"
+
+std::string parseArgs(int argc, char ** argv);
+void usage();
+
+int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    std::string name = parseArgs(argc, argv);
+
+    std::fstream asmFile(argv[1], std::fstream::in);
+    if (!asmFile.is_open()) usage();
+
+    std::string line;
+    std::vector<std::string> lines;
+    while (asmFile.good()) {
+        std::getline(asmFile, line);
+        lines.push_back(std::move(line));
+    }
+
+    Assembler assembler(std::move(lines));
+    assembler.parse();
+
+    // assemble
+    std::vector<uint32_t> hexCode = assembler.assemble();
+    std::fstream hexFile(name + ".hex", std::fstream::out);
+    char hex[9];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < hexCode.size(); i++) {
+        sprintf(hex, "%.8X", hexCode[i]);
+        hexFile << hex << "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+std::string parseArgs(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    // make sure only one arg
+    if (argc != 2) usage();
+
+    // make sure it's a .asm
+    std::string fileArg(argv[1]);
+    if (fileArg.length() < 4 || fileArg.substr(fileArg.length()-4, 4) != ".asm") usage();
+    return fileArg.substr(0, fileArg.length()-4);
+}
+
+void usage() {
+    printf("usage: ma <file>.asm\n");
+    exit(0);
+}

makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+CC = g++
+CFLAGS = -c -std=c++11 -O2 -Wall -Werror
+OBJS = InstHandler.o Assembler.o ma.o
+
+ma: $(OBJS)
+	$(CC) $(OBJS) -o ma
+
+ma.o: ma.C Assembler.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) ma.C -o ma.o
+
+Assembler.o: Assembler.C Assembler.h InstHandler.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) Assembler.C -o Assembler.o
+
+InstHandler.o: InstHandler.C InstHandler.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) InstHandler.C -o InstHandler.o
+
+clean:
+	rm *.o ma *.asm *.problems tmp1 tmp2